Check this out, 0.2 liters per flush. The winner, at least in outside composting toilets that "flush" the waste. Actually a regular gravity feed composting toilet can be outside the home, but must be joined to the stool with a gravity transport pipe. Another low-flow toilet question on Grist inspired this, I'm hoping Umbra will video "test drive" the Envirolet? Hehey.
A lot cheaper version using a cheap shop vac could be retrofit to an existing rural sewer system., simply installed over the cleanout cover with a trapdoor in the shop vac. Then the sewer tank could have a series of screens installed, as in the venerable Swedish Clivus Multrum.
Empty a whole building's waste into a composter? Why not? Even multistory buildings could feature a suction system on each floor that gravity feeds into a huge composter adjacent to the basement. A sewer pumping truck could then transport the much reduced (90% reduction in volume and weight), sanitized fertilizer for further recycling.